Infrastructure projects are the 'picks and shovels' of the crypto ecosystem — providing essential services like data indexing, oracle feeds, storage, cross-chain messaging, and developer tools that other protocols build upon. These are the backbone technologies that make the decentralized internet work.
Oracle Network — Chainlink is the leading decentralized oracle network, providing tamper-proof real-world data to smart contracts. It bridges the gap between blockchains and external data sources like price feeds, weather, sports scores, and more.
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Data Indexing Protocol — The Graph is the indexing protocol that makes blockchain data queryable — often called 'the Google of blockchains.' It lets developers build subgraphs that index on-chain data, which dApps then query via GraphQL. Uniswap, Aave, and hundreds of DeFi protocols depend on The Graph for their data layers.
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Decentralized Storage — Filecoin is a decentralized storage network that allows anyone to rent out spare hard drive space. Built by Protocol Labs (creators of IPFS), it aims to create a competitive, censorship-resistant alternative to centralized cloud storage.
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Permanent Storage — Arweave provides permanent, tamper-proof data storage on a blockchain — pay once, store forever. Unlike IPFS which requires ongoing pinning, Arweave's 'permaweb' stores data across a decentralized network with an endowment model that funds storage for 200+ years. It became the default storage layer for Solana and other chains' transaction history.
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Decentralized Video Infrastructure — Livepeer is the decentralized video transcoding network — reducing video processing costs by up to 50x compared to centralized cloud providers like AWS. Anyone can contribute their GPU to transcode video and earn LPT rewards, creating a distributed alternative to centralized streaming infrastructure. Major platforms use Livepeer's infrastructure for live streaming and video-on-demand processing.
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Web3 Infrastructure — Ankr provides the infrastructure backbone for Web3 — operating one of the largest distributed networks of RPC nodes serving billions of requests daily to blockchains like Ethereum, BSC, Polygon, and Solana. Beyond RPC endpoints, Ankr offers liquid staking (ankrETH, ankrBNB), AppChains-as-a-Service, and developer tools that power many DeFi apps behind the scenes.
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Blockchain Data API — Covalent provides a unified API that lets developers query detailed blockchain data from 200+ chains with a single API call — transaction histories, token balances, NFT metadata, DEX trades, and more. Instead of running separate indexers for each chain, developers use Covalent's GoldRush toolkit to access standardized, structured data. Thousands of projects including major wallets, DeFi dashboards, and tax tools rely on Covalent's infrastructure.
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Account Abstraction Infrastructure — Biconomy simplifies Web3 user experience through account abstraction infrastructure — its Smart Accounts SDK, Paymaster (sponsor gas for users), and Bundler service let dApps offer gasless transactions, social login, session keys, and batch transactions. Instead of users managing seed phrases and buying gas tokens, Biconomy makes blockchain interactions feel as seamless as Web2 apps.
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Smart Account Infrastructure — Safe (formerly Gnosis Safe) is the dominant smart contract wallet in crypto — securing over $100B in digital assets across 8M+ accounts. Used by Ethereum Foundation, Uniswap, Aave, and most major DAOs and protocols for multi-signature treasury management. Safe{Wallet} introduced account abstraction features including social recovery, transaction batching, and session keys for mainstream wallet UX.
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Cross-Chain Messaging — Celer Network provides cross-chain messaging infrastructure — its cBridge enables token transfers across 40+ chains, while Celer Inter-chain Message (IM) framework lets developers build cross-chain dApps with a single codebase. Unlike simple bridges, Celer IM enables complex cross-chain logic like executing a swap on Chain A triggered by a deposit on Chain B, all in one user transaction.
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Cross-Chain Bridge & Messaging — Wormhole is a cross-chain messaging protocol connecting 30+ blockchains, enabling assets and data to move between Ethereum, Solana, Sui, Aptos, and other ecosystems. Built by Jump Crypto, it processes billions in cross-chain volume and underpins major multichain applications. Its 2024 airdrop was one of the largest in crypto history.
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Distributed Validator Technology — SSV Network enables Distributed Validator Technology (DVT) for Ethereum — splitting a validator key across multiple non-trusting operators so that no single operator can unilaterally sign blocks or be a single point of failure. This dramatically improves Ethereum staking safety, decentralization, and fault tolerance. If one operator goes offline, the validator keeps running. Major staking providers integrate SSV for resilient validator infrastructure.
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Linux Rollup — Cartesi enables developers to build smart contracts using mainstream programming languages (Python, C++, SQL) running on a full Linux OS — instead of learning Solidity or domain-specific languages. Its Cartesi Machine is a RISC-V virtual machine that runs Linux inside blockchain computation, letting developers use familiar tools, libraries, and databases while getting the security guarantees of Ethereum rollups.
What Is Cartesi? | How to Buy CTSI
Web3 Social Layer — Mask Network is a bridge between Web2 social media and Web3 — its browser extension lets users encrypt messages, send crypto, trade tokens, and interact with dApps directly within Twitter/X and Facebook without leaving the platform. It turns existing social media into a Web3 gateway, enabling features like encrypted DMs, token-gated posts, and in-feed NFT displays.